单选题
患者，男，53岁，发热、咳嗽、咳痰3天，查体：体温38．6℃，右上肺叩浊。胸片如图： 
若此患者有糖尿病史10年，且经常规抗炎治疗无效，则需重点鉴别的疾病为（）
发布日期：2020-08-20
肺不张
肺癌
肺脓肿
干酪性肺炎
肺水肿
试题解析
3天
3天（three day）通常是指三个自然日，也就是地球自转的3周时间。
- 中文名
- 3天
- 外文名
- three day
咳痰
医学术语咳痰是呼吸系统疾病的重要症状。痰的主要来源是气管、支气管腺体和杯状细胞的分泌物。在正常情况下，呼吸道的腺体不断有小量分泌物排出，形成一层薄的粘液层，保持呼吸道的湿润，并能吸附吸入的尘埃、细菌等微生物，借助于柱状上皮纤毛的摆动，将其排向喉头，随咳嗽咳出，或被咽下。所以一般不感觉有痰。在呼吸道的反复感染、异物、过热过冷的空气、刺激性气体、香烟或过敏因素的刺激下，支气管分泌大量痰液。按痰的性质，可分成以下几种：1 白色泡沫粘液痰：多见于支气管炎和支气管哮喘。2 黄色脓样痰：为化脓性感染所致。3 粉红色泡沫痰：肺水肿的特征。4 铁锈色痰：是肺炎双球菌引起的大叶性肺炎的典型特点。5 果酱样痰：肺吸虫病的典型表现之一。6 清水样痰伴有“粉皮”样囊壁：是肺包囊虫病临床诊断的重要依据。7 大量脓性泡沫痰：是肺脓肿和支气管扩张的典型特点。8 黑色或灰白色痰：多见煤尘肺和各种矽肺。9 咳铁锈色痰：常见
咳嗽
咳嗽，汉语词语，喉部或气管的黏膜受到刺激时迅速吸气，随机强烈的呼气，声带振动发声。咳嗽是保护性的反射动作，能清除呼吸道中的异物或分泌物。
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