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哌库溴铵的拮抗剂是()|芬太尼的拮抗剂是()

发布日期:2021-08-12

哌库溴铵的拮抗剂是()|芬太尼的拮抗剂是()
A

氟马西尼

B

氨茶碱

C

纳洛酮

D

多沙普仑

E

新斯的明

试题解析

哌库溴铵

临床适用于横纹肌松弛,气管插管和人工呼吸时的一般麻醉等,其肌松作用的强弱与持续时间长短在于适宜的剂量。

药品名称
哌库溴铵
用法用量
静注:一般剂量是0.04-0.05mg/kg
外文名
Pipecuronium Bromide
药品类型
骨骼肌松弛药

拮抗剂

拮抗剂(antagonist)与受体结合后本身不引起生物学效应,但阻断该受体激动剂介导的作用。根据是否可逆性地与结合到受体的激动剂发生竞争,拮抗剂可以分为两类。

中文名
拮抗剂
定义
不具备内在活性的一类物质
外文名
antagonist
作用
能与

芬太尼

芬太尼,是一种强效的阿片类止痛剂,适用于各种疼痛及外科、妇科等手术后和手术过程中的镇痛,也用于防止或减轻手术后出现的谵妄,还可与麻醉药合用,作为麻醉辅助用药,与氟哌利多配伍制成“安定镇痛剂”,用于大面积换药及进行小手术的镇痛。2019年4月1日,公安部、国家卫生健康委、国家药监局联合发布公告,宣布从2019年5月1日起将芬太尼类物质列入《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品管制品种增补目录》。需要注意的是:当芬太尼过量时,首先会让人嗜睡、困惑和恶心,此后是上瘾、低血压,最后是因为呼吸抑制而死亡。为此,全球对芬太尼类新精神活性物质的控制和打击也在加强。可以说,管控芬太尼具有重要的公共卫生和人道主义意义。2021年10月,公安部发布芬太尼毒品检验标准。

药品名称
芬太尼
别名
N-[1-(2-苯乙基)-4-哌啶基]-N-苯基丙酰胺
化学式
C
外观
淡棕色固体
EINECS登录号
207-113-6
熔点
83 至 84 ℃
闪点
185.8 ℃
外文名
Fentanyl
药品类型
基本药物
分子量
336.471
CAS登录号
437-38-7
密度
1.087 g/cm
沸点
466.2 ℃

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麻醉科住院医师

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