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男,22岁,高热1周应用抗生素治疗无效。胸骨压痛明显,肝脾肋下未触及。入院次日起出现皮肤多处片状瘀斑、血尿,肌内注射局部渗血不止,血压12/8kPa。WBC3.2×10/L,HCB50g/L,PLT4×10/L。骨髓检查:有核细胞增生极度活跃,细胞浆颗粒粗大的早幼粒细胞占85%获得完全缓解后的治疗策略是()

发布日期:2021-09-24

男,22岁,高热1周应用抗生素治疗无效。胸骨压痛明显,肝脾肋下未触及。入院次日起出现皮肤多处片状瘀斑...
A

化疗与全反式维A酸交替治疗

B

单用全反式维A酸维持治疗

C

定期联合化疗

D

中剂量阿糖胞苷强化治疗

E

停药,定期随诊

试题解析

胸骨压痛

胸骨压痛是白血病的重要体征之一。除此还可见于恶性淋巴瘤、骨髓增殖性疾病,但后两者较为少见

抗生素

抗生素,是指由微生物(包括细菌、真菌、放线菌属)或高等动植物在生活过程中所产生的具有抗病原体或其他活性的一类次级代谢产物,能干扰其他生活细胞发育功能的化学物质。临床常用的抗生素有微生物培养液中的提取物以及用化学方法合成或半合成的化合物。抗生素等抗菌剂的抑菌或杀菌作用,主要是针对“细菌有而人(或其他动植物)没有”的机制进行杀伤,包含四大作用机理,即:抑制细菌细胞壁合成,增强细菌细胞膜通透性,干扰细菌蛋白质合成以及抑制细菌核酸复制转录。

中文名
抗生素
别名
抗菌素
种类
喹诺酮类、β-内酰胺类、大环内酯类等
外文名
antibiotic
作用
主要治疗微小
其他用途
部分抗生素可用于抗肿瘤或免疫抑制

高热

发热是多种疾病的常见症状。高热(High Fever)在临床上属于危重症范畴。小儿正常体温常以肛温36.5~37.5℃,腋温36~37℃衡量。通常情况下,腋温比口温(舌下)低0.2~0.5℃,肛温比腋温约高0.5℃左右。肛温虽比腋温准确,但因种种原因常以腋温为准。若腋温超过37.4℃,且一日间体温波动超过1℃以上,可认为发热。所谓低热,指腋温为37.5℃~38℃、中度热38.1~39℃、高热39.1~40℃、超高热则为40℃以上。发热时间超过两周为长期发热。

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