In every cultivated language, there are two great classes of words which, taken together, comprise the whole vocabulary. First, there are those words(1)which we become acquainted in daily conversation, which we(2),that is to say, from the(3) of our own family and from our familiar associates, and(4) we should know and use (5 )we could not read or write. They (6) the common things of life, and are the stock in trade of all who (7) the language. Such words may be called“popular”, since they belong to the people (8) and are not the exclusive (9) of a limited class. On the other hand, our language (10) a multitude of words which are comparatively (11) used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little (12) to use them at home or in the market-place. Our (13) acquaintance with them comes not from our mother's (14) or from the talk of our school-mates, (15) from books that we read, lectures that we (16) ,or the more (17)conversation of highly educated speakers who are discussing some particular (18) n a style appropriately elevated above the habitual(19) f everyday life. Such words are called“learned”, and the (20) between them and the“popular”words is of great importance to a right understanding of linguistic process. 请在10处填上正确答案()
When children learn to distinguish between the sounds of their language and the sounds that are not part of the language, they can acquire any sounds in their native language once their parents teach them.
Language is p()in that it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by its users. In other words, they can produce and understand an infinitely large number of sentences which they have never heard before.
Practice 4
Both language and culture are learned by children without special organized programs of instruction, but motivation to learn is very high since language is the most effective means for a child to obtain what he or she wants. If the learning of a new language begins before lower adolescence, one is likely to be able to speak such a language with complete naturalness, but if learned after upper adolescence some hangover of a mother-tongue feature is very likely to persist. But not only do languages exhibit such learning patterns, but so do cultural traits, for example, shaking hands, kissing, and embracing.
Although many persons assume that languages exist in dictionaries and grammars, in fact they only exist in people’s heads. But this is equally true of cultural traits, which indicate clearly a they only exist in people’s heads. But this is equally true of cultural traits, which indicate clearly a person’s value system when crucial decisions need to be made before there is any time to think about alternatives, for example, diving into a flooding stream to rescue a drowning child.
From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first 1 , they were like newborn children, unable to use this 2 tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kind’s future 3 and cultural growth increased. Many linguists believe that evolution is 4 for our ability to produce and use language. They 5 that our highly evolved brain provides us 6 an innate language ability not found in lower 7 . Proponents of this innateness theory say that our 8 for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, 9 a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical 10 times for language development. Current 11 of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. 12 , more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in 13 grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being 14 to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the 15 of their first language have become firmly fixed. 16 some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been 17 from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that 18 with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language 19 than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. 20 , children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child's language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones. 请在13处填上正确答案()
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In every cultivated language, there are two great classes of words which, taken together, comprise the whole vocabulary. First, there are those words(1)which we become acquainted in daily conversation, which we(2),that is to say, from the(3) of our own family and from our familiar associates, and(4) we should know and use (5 )we could not read or write. They (6) the common things of life, and are the stock in trade of all who (7) the language. Such words may be called“popular”, since they belong to the people (8) and are not the exclusive (9) of a limited class. On the other hand, our language (10) a multitude of words which are comparatively (11) used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little (12) to use them at home or in the market-place. Our (13) acquaintance with them comes not from our mother's (14) or from the talk of our school-mates, (15) from books that we read, lectures that we (16) ,or the more (17)conversation of highly educated speakers who are discussing some particular (18) n a style appropriately elevated above the habitual(19) f everyday life. Such words are called“learned”, and the (20) between them and the“popular”words is of great importance to a right understanding of linguistic process. 请在6处填上正确答案()
在NET中CLS(Common Language Specification)的作用是()。
Language is arbitrary in that there is no logical connection between meanings and().