单选题
急性肾小球肾炎并发高血压脑病时，应首选的治疗是（ ）。
发布日期：2021-03-18
卧床休息2～3周
限制蛋白质的摄入量
青霉素抗感染治疗10天
硝普钠扩张血管
切除慢性炎症扁桃体腺
试题解析
急性肾小球肾炎
急性肾小球肾炎是以急性肾炎综合征为主要临床表现的一组原发性肾小球肾炎。其特点为急性起病，血尿、蛋白尿、水肿和高血压，可伴一过性氮质血症，具有自愈倾向。常见于链球菌感染后，而其他细菌、病毒及寄生虫感染亦可引起。下面主要介绍链球菌感染后急性肾小球肾炎。本病为自限性疾病，不宜应用糖皮质激素及细胞毒药物。
- 外文名
- acute glomerulonephritis
- 多发群体
- 儿童、男性
- 常见症状
- 急性起病，血尿、蛋白尿、水肿和高血压等
- 就诊科室
- 肾内科
- 常见病因
- 常因β-溶血性链球菌“致肾炎菌株”感染所致
高血压脑病
高血压脑病是指当血压突然升高超过脑血流自动调节的阈值（中心动脉压大于140mmHg）时，脑血流出现高灌注，毛细血管压力过高，渗透性增强，导致脑水肿和颅内压增高，甚至脑疝的形成，引起的一系列暂时性脑循环功能障碍的临床表现。高血压脑病为高血压病程中一种危及患者生命的严重情况，是内科常见的急症之一。起病急，进展快，及时治疗其症状可完全消失，若治疗不及时或治疗不当则可导致不可逆脑损害及其他严重并发症，甚至可导致死亡。
- 外文名
- hypertensive encephalophy
- 多发群体
- 高血压患者
- 常见症状
- 剧烈头痛，喷射性呕吐、烦躁不安、兴奋、癫痫发作、阵发性呼吸困难、疼痛等
- 就诊科室
- 心血管科
- 常见病因
- 伴有肾功能衰竭的高血压、妊娠期高血压疾病、肾小球肾炎性高血压等
首选
首选，拼音是shǒu xuǎn，汉语词汇，释义为科举时代以第一名登第的人。
- 中文名
- 首选
- 释义
- 科举时代以第一名登第的人
- 注音
- ㄕㄡˇ ㄒㄨㄢˇ
- 拼音
- shǒu xuǎn
- 出处
- 唐·冯贽《云仙杂记》
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Passage1Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge of environmental claims made by household products，according to a"green labeling"study published by Consumers International Friday.Among the report's more outrageous findings，a German fertilizer described itself as “earthworm friendly"a brand of flour said it was"non-polluting"and a British toilet paper claimed to be“environmentally friendlier”.The study was written and researched by Britain's National Consumer Council QNCC）for lobby group Consumer International. It was funded by the German and Dutch governments and the European Commission."While many good and useful claims are being made，it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of products they buy，"said Consumers International director Anna Fielder.The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain. Western Europe，Scandinavia and the United States. It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average.The report focused on claims made by specific products, such as detergent insect sprays and by some garden products. It did not test the claims, but compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September,1999.Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards."Many products had specially-designed labels to make them seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing," said report researcher Philip Page."Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158. Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73. The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the true from the misleading."he said.The ISO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on product packaging, because terms such as "environmentally friendly"and "non-polluting"cannot be verified."What we are now pushing for is to have multinational corporations meet the standards set by the ISO."said Page.According to the passage, the NCC found it outrageous that________.
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