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问答题

什么是佐剂?

发布日期:2020-04-11

什么是佐剂?

试题解析

弗氏佐剂

弗氏体即弗氏佐剂是动物实验中最常用的佐剂,分为不完全弗氏佐剂和完全弗氏佐剂。不完全弗氏佐剂是液体石蜡与羊毛脂混合而成,组分比为1~5:1,可根据需要而定,通常为2:1。不完全佐剂中加卡介苗(最终浓度为2~20mg/ml)或死的结核分枝杆菌,即为完全弗氏佐剂(FCA)。一般首次注射时用1/2体积FCA加上1/2体积的抗原进行乳化,第二次或第三次注射时用不完全佐剂或不用佐剂。如不加佐剂,则抗原量增大10-20倍。

中文名
弗氏体
分类
不完全弗氏佐剂和完全弗氏佐剂
别名
弗氏佐剂
用料
羊毛脂与石蜡油

免疫佐剂

免疫佐剂简称佐剂,即非特异性免疫增生剂,指那 些同抗原一起或预先注入机体内能增强机体 对抗原的免疫应答能力或改变免疫应答类型 的辅助物质。佐剂可以具有免疫原性,也可无免疫原性。佐剂种类很多,尚无统一 的分类方法,应用最多的是弗氏佐剂和细胞因子佐剂。佐剂的免疫生物学作用是增强免疫原性、增强抗体的滴度、改变抗体产生的类型、引起或增强迟发超敏反应,但佐剂的 作用机制尚未完全明了,不同佐剂作用的机 制也不尽相同。(丁梅)

中文名
免疫佐剂
作用原理
改变抗原的物理性状
别名
非特异性免疫增生剂
分类
常用的佐剂可分为4类

弗氏体

弗氏体即弗氏佐剂是动物实验中最常用的佐剂,分为不完全弗氏佐剂和完全弗氏佐剂。不完全弗氏佐剂是液体石蜡与羊毛脂混合而成,组分比为1~5:1,可根据需要而定,通常为2:1。不完全佐剂中加卡介苗(最终浓度为2~20mg/ml)或死的结核分枝杆菌,即为完全弗氏佐剂(FCA)。一般首次注射时用1/2体积FCA加上1/2体积的抗原进行乳化,第二次或第三次注射时用不完全佐剂或不用佐剂。如不加佐剂,则抗原量增大10-20倍。

中文名
弗氏体
分类
不完全弗氏佐剂和完全弗氏佐剂
别名
弗氏佐剂
用料
羊毛脂与石蜡油

标签: 佐剂

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