单选题
颈椎病发病的重要诱因是（ ）。
发布日期：2021-03-18
试题解析
颈椎病
颈椎病又称颈椎综合征，是颈椎骨关节炎、增生性颈椎炎、颈神经根综合征、颈椎间盘脱出症的总称,是一种以退行性病理改变为基础的疾患。主要由于颈椎长期劳损、骨质增生，或椎间盘脱出、韧带增厚，致使颈椎脊髓、神经根或椎动脉受压，出现一系列功能障碍的临床综合征。表现为椎节失稳、松动；髓核突出或脱出；骨刺形成；韧带肥厚和继发的椎管狭窄等，刺激或压迫了邻近的神经根、脊髓、椎动脉及颈部交感神经等组织，引起一系列症状和体征。颈椎病可分为：颈型颈椎病、神经根型颈椎病、脊髓型颈椎病、椎动脉型颈椎病、交感神经型颈椎病、食管压迫型颈椎病。
- 外文名
- cervical spondylosis
- 就诊科室
- 骨科、脊柱外科、神经内科
- 常见病因
- 颈椎退行性变、发育性颈椎管狭窄、慢性劳损等
- 别名
- 颈椎综合征
- 多发群体
- 中老年人、睡眠体位不佳者、长期坐姿不当者
- 常见症状
- 颈背疼痛、上肢无力、手指发麻、下肢乏力等
发病
病因作用于机体使疾病发生以后，疾病便作为一个运动发展的过程不断向前演变、推移，经过一定的时间或阶段后，最终趋于结束，这便是发病学（Pathogenesis）所要研究的问题。
因是
因是，汉语词汇，拼音是yīn shì，释义为因此。
- 中文名
- 因是
- 注音
- ㄧㄣ ㄕㄧˋ
- 拼音
- yīn shì
- 释义
- 因此
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Passage 5Eliminating Sweatshops at Nike; Just Do It! Over the past decade, Nike has been one of the most profitable companies in the United States. However, at a time when the company’s spokesperson, Michael Jordan, was bringing in over $10 million, the young, mostly women workers in its Indonesian plants were taking home only $ 2.23 a day. (31)______, working conditions in Nike’s Serang plant, 50 miles west of Jakarta, were far from ideal. Hundreds of workers, some children, were crowded into vast sheds where they glued, stitched, pressed, and boxed 70 million pairs of (32)______a year. Collusion between local management and government made organizing workers into unions both difficult and dangerous, and the high level of unemployment left workers powerless. Taken together, these labor practices helped keep cost so low and quality so high that a pair of running shoes that (33)______ for $ 75 retail in the United States cost just $18.25 to manufacture. With this type of cost and price structure, it is easy to see how Nike became so profitable. However, the ability to sustain these practices became an issue in 1996 when the U.S. media exposed these sweatshop conditions. As consumers became increasingly aware of (34)______ their sneakers were actually being made, some felt guilty, and human rights groups went so far (35)______ to organize boycotts of Nike products. Given the damage to Nike’s image and future profitability, something had to be done. At first, Nike CEO Phillip Knight defended his operations, noting that Nike pays its workers no (36)______ than its rivals do and that these workers make more than minimum wage in the host countries. Critics countered that the level of pay was (37)______ the subsistence level and much lower than what is paid by other U.S. companies such as Coco-Cola, Gillette, and Good-year. To end this image problem (38)______ and for all, on May 12,1998, Knight pledged to (a) raise the minimum worker age requirement, (b) adopt U. S.-style safety and health standards, and (c) allow human rights groups to help monitor working conditions in all foreign plants. He again showed his commitment to reform six months later (39)______ raising wages 22 percent to offset the currency devaluation that rocked Indonesia in the fall of 1998. Knight used both occasions to challenge his competitors to do the same, realizing that their failure to do so would put Nike at a competitive disadvantage. Although it is currently unclear how these (40)______ will respond, it is obvious that Nike is at least trying to establish its image as a trend setter in both footwear and working conditions in international locations.
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