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对固体废物实行减量化、资源化和无害化,其中基础是()

发布日期:2021-03-18

对固体废物实行减量化、资源化和无害化,其中基础是()
A

减量化

B

资源化

C

无害化

D

标准化

试题解析

固体废物

固体废物是指在生产,生活和其他活动过程中产生的丧失原有的利用价值或者虽未丧失利用价值但被抛弃或者放弃的固体,半固体,和置于容器中的气态物品,物质以及法律,行政法规规定纳入废物管理的物品,物质。不能排入水体的液态废物和不能排入大气的置于容器中的气态物质。由于多具有较大的危害性,一般归入固体废物管理体系。根据生态环境部、商务部、国家发展改革委、海关总署发布《关于全面禁止进口固体废物有关事项的公告》(公告 2020年 第53号),自2021年1月1日起,我国将禁止以任何方式进口固体废物,禁止我国境外固体废物进境倾倒、堆放、处置。

中文名
固体废物
每人垃圾量
1~2公斤
主要农业垃圾
粪便及植物秸秆类
包括
城市生活垃圾、农业废弃物
垃圾主要
厨房垃圾
工业垃圾
工业废渣

减量化

减量化是指大多废物疏松膨胀,体积庞大,不但增加运输成本费用,而且占用堆填场地大,基于此将固体废物压缩或者液体废物浓缩,或将废物无害焚化处理,烧成灰烬,使体积缩小至1/10以下,以便运输堆填。

中文名
减量化
作用
垃圾管理,降低对环境危害
归属
循环经济
外文名
Reduction
领域
垃圾处理

无害化

亦称安全化,是将废物内的生物性或者化学性的有害物质,进行无害化或安全化处理。例如,利用焚烧化处理化学法,将微生物杀灭,促进有毒物质氧化或分解。

中文名
无害化
分类
动物处理垃圾处理
例如
焚烧化处理化学法

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