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名词解释题

排水砂垫层

发布日期:2020-12-11

排水砂垫层

试题解析

排水砂垫层

排水砂垫层,应用于铁路技术之中,是为加速软弱地基的固结,保证路基的强度和稳定,在路堤底部铺设的砂层。砂垫层已在地基处理工程中广泛应用 最为常见的是用作地基预压固结时设置于地表的水平排水边界。不过,如果设计和应用不当会导致无法充分发挥其排水能力,也无助于工后沉降量和地基稳定性的控制 其重要性不可忽视。排水砂垫层的设计参数一般依据经验或有关规范的规定来确定。

中文名
排水砂垫层
目的
加速软弱地基的固结
所属类别
交通
外文名
sand mat of subgrade
方法
保证
应用领域
铁路

陡坡路基

地面横坡陡于1∶2.5地段的路堤称为陡坡路基。有时地形十分困难险峻,选线时受这样的横断面控制。防渗和防滑是陡坡路基设计的二个重点。横坡上方应有良好的排水沟和必要的截水防渗措施,下方宜有排水砂垫层、片石垛和挡土墙等设施。这些建筑物的设计根据断面形态、当地岩土性质和水文地质决定。

中文名
陡坡路基
释义
地面横坡陡于1∶2.5地段的路堤
学科
交通工程
外文名
Steep slope roadbed
路肩防护措施
用粒料加固土路肩
注意事项
宁挖勿填”或“多挖少填

软土路基

软土路基是指常见的一种特殊地区路基。需要特殊设计处理。多分布于江、河、海洋沿岸、内陆湖泊、塘、盆地和多雨的山间洼地。软土具有含水量大、渗透性差、天然强度低和压缩性高等特征。如果超过临界高度,地基要失去稳定。软土地基常用的处理措施有换土,排水砂垫层,反压护道,抛石挤淤,水泥土搅拌,用土木织物等进行表层加固以及砂井加固等。

中文名
软土路基
分布地
江、河、海洋沿岸、内陆湖泊、塘、盆地和多雨的山间洼地

标签: 排水 垫层

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