单选题
前言语阶段是指个体在（）
发布日期：2020-12-11
0～3个月
3～6个月
0～6个月
0～12个月
试题解析
前言语阶段
在儿童掌握语言之前，有一个言语发生的准备阶段，这个阶段就称之为前言语阶段。整个乳儿期就处于前言语阶段。
- 中文名
- 前言语阶段
- 应用学科
- 心理学
- 外文名
- Prespeech stage
个体
通常是数字的名称，或者是某个物体的计量单位。一般指一个生物个体或是一个群体中的特定主体。个体的哲学意义：个体指处在一定社会关系中，在社会地位、能力、作用上有区别的有生命的个体。在中国的主流文化中，一般都忽视个体的力量和作用。个体的利益与集体的利益并不是对立的。个体能量的最大发挥，往往才是集体能量的最大发挥。现代文化颠覆了以丧失个体为代价的传统文化价值观，明确了“人”的价值，它充分肯定每一个个体的价值和潜能，肯定个体的努力，把个体看成是一种独立的存在。然而放眼整个自然界，个体与群体不一定与社会有关。个体的概念是相对的，也就是说若干个相同或不相同的事物构成的群体相对于不同的事物其还是不是个体会改变。个体的广义定义是: 若干个相同或不相同的事物构成的群体相对于某事物时，会因为此事物的改变而改变，那么该群体相对于该事物而言是个体。
- 中文名
- 个体
- 外文名
- individuals
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Practice 3 Tea, that most quintessential of English drinks, is a relative latecomer to British shores. Although the custom of drinking tea dates back to the third millennium BC in China, it was not until the mid-17th century that the beverage first appeared in England. The use of tea spread slowly from its Asian homeland, reaching Europe by way of Venice around 1560, although Portuguese trading ships may have made contact with the Chinese as early as 1515. It was the Portuguese and Dutch traders who first imported tea to Europe, with regular shipments by 1610. England was a latecomer to the tea trade, as the East India Company did not capitalize on tea’s popularity until the mid-18th century. Coffee Houses Curiously, it was the London coffee houses that were responsible for introducing tea to England. One of the first coffee house merchants to offer tea was Thomas Garway, who owned an establishment in Exchange Alley. He sold both liquid and dry tea to the public as early as 1657. Three years later he issued a broadsheet advertising tea at ￡6 and ￡10 per pound (ouch!), touting its virtues at “making the body active and lusty”, and “preserving perfect health until extreme old age”. Tea gained popularity quickly in the coffee houses, and by 1700 over 500 coffee houses sold it. This distressed the tavern owners, as tea cut their sales of ale and gin, and it was bad news for the government, who depended upon a steady stream of revenue from taxes on liquor sales. By1750 tea had become the favored drink of Britain’s lower classes. Taxation on Tea Charles II did his bit to counter the growth of tea, with several acts forbidding its sale in private houses. This measure was designed to counter sedition, but it was so unpopular that it was impossible to enforce it. A 1676 act taxed tea and required coffee house operators to apply for a license. This was just the start of government attempts to control, or at least, to profit from the popularity of tea in Britain. By the mJd-18th century the duty on tea had reached an absurd119%. This heavy taxation had the effect of creating a whole new industry-tea smuggling. Smuggling Tea Ships from Holland and Scandinavia brought tea to the British coast, then stood offshore while smugglers met them and unloaded the precious cargo in small vessels. The smugglers, often local fishermen, snuck the tea inland through underground passages and hidden paths to special hiding places. One of the best hiding places was in the local parish church! Even smuggled tea was expensive, however, and therefore extremely profitable, so many smugglers began to adulterate the tea with other substances, such as willow, licorice, and sloe leaves. Used tea leaves were also retried and added to fresh leaves.
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