2020中学教师资格证《高中教师专业知识》真题模拟11-14

1、

教师教学“有趣的对联”时，为增加教学内容的趣味性，培养学生的学习兴趣，讲述了乾隆和纪晓岚给一位老叟写的一副对联——“花甲重逢还长三七岁月，古稀双庆更多一度春秋”。以下学生对老叟高寿的判断，正确的是()。

（单选题）

A. 120岁

B. 121岁

C. 140岁

D. 141岁

试题答案：D

2、

Passage2

An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that，actually，you think you're more beautiful than you are.We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to achieve this.Social psychologists have amassed oceans of research into what they call the"above average effect”or“illusory superiority", and shown that, for example,70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership,93% in driving and 85% at getting on well with others-all obviously statistical impossibilities.

We rose-tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations. We become defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem. We stalk around thinking we' re hot stuf.

Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key study into self-enhancement and attractiveness. Rather than have people simply rate their beauty compared with others, he asked them to identify an original photograph of themselves from a lineup including versions that had been altered to appear more and less attractive. Visual recognition, reads the study, is"an automatic psychological process, occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation."If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image-which most did-they genuinely believed it was really how they looked.

Epley found no significant gender difference in responses. Nor was there any evidence that those who self-enhanced the most(that is, the participants who thought the most positively doctored pictures were real) were doing so to make up for profound insecurities. In fact, those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other markers for having higher self-esteem."I don't think the findings that we have are any evidence of personal delusion,"says Epley."It's a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves."If you are depressed, you won't be self-enhancing.

Knowing the results of Epley's study, it makes sense that many people hate photographs of themselves yiscerally-on one level, they don't even recognize the person in the picture as themselves. Facebook, therefore, is a self-enhancer's paradise, where people can share only the most flattering photos, the cream of their wit, style, beauty, intellect and lifestyles."It's not that people's profiles are dishonest,"says Catalina Toma of Wisconsin-Madison University,"but they portray an idealized version of themselves."

Visual recognition is believed to be people's_______.

（单选题）

A. rapid matching

B. intuitive response

C. automatic self-defence

D. conscious choice

试题答案：B

3、

导音是指调式中的()。

（单选题）

A. Ⅱ级音

B. 属音

C. Ⅶ级音

D. 变化音

试题答案：C

4、

Passage1

The Nobels are the originals, of course. Alfred Nobel, the man who invented deadly explosives, decided to try and do something good with all the money he earned, and gave prizes to people who made progress in literature, science, economics and-perhaps most importantly-peace.

Not all awards are as noble as the Nobel. Even though most countries have a system for recognizing, honoring and rewarding people who have done something good in their countries, there are now hundreds of awards and awards ceremonies for all kinds of things.

The Oscars are probably the most famous,a time for the(mostly) American film industry to tell itself how good it is, an annual opportunity for big stars to give each other awards and make tearful speeches. As well as that there are also the Golden Globes, apparently for the same thing.

But it's not only films-now there are also Grammies, Brits, the Mercury Prize and the MTV and Q awards for music. In Britain,a writer who wins the Booker Prize can expect to see their difficulty, literary novel hit the bestseller lists and compete with The Da Vinci Code for popularity.

The Turner Prize is an award for a British contemporary artist-each year it causes controversy by apparently giving a lot of money to artists who do things like displaying their beds, putting animals in glass cases or-this year-building a garden shed.

Awards don't only exist for the arts. There are now awards for Sports Personality of the Year, for European Footballer of the Year and World Footballer of the Year. This seems very strange sometimes awards can be good to give recognition to people who deserve it, or to help people who don't make much money carry on their work without worrying about finances, but professional soccer players these days certainly aren't short of cash.

Many small towns and communities all over the world also have their own awards ceremonies, for local writers or artists, or just for people who have graduated from high school or got a university degree. Even the British Council has its own awards for "Innovation in English Language Teaching".

Why have all these awards and ceremonies appeared recently? Shakespeare never won a prize, nor did Leonardo da Vinci or Adam Smith or Charles Dickens.

It would be possible to say, however, that in the past, scientists and artists could win "patronage"from rich people-a king or a lord would give the artist or scientist money to have them paint their palaces or help them develop new ways of making money. With the change in social systems across the world, this no longer happens. Scientific research is now either funded by the government or by private companies. Perhaps awards ceremonies are just the most recent phase of this process.

However, there is more to it than that. When a film wins an Oscar, many more people will go and see it, or buy the DVD. When a writer wins the Nobel Prize, many more people buy their books. When a group wins the MTV awards, the ceremony is seen by hundreds of thousands of people across the world. The result? The group sells a lot more records.

Most awards ceremonies are now sponsored by big organizations or companies. This means that it is not only the person who wins the award who benefits but also the sponsors. The MTV awards, for example, are great for publicizing not only music, but also MTV itself.

On the surface, it seems to be a "win-win"situation, with everyone being happy, but let me ask you a question-how far do you think that publicity and marketing are winning here, and how much genuine recognition of achievement is taking place?

What would happen to award winning writers?

（单选题）

A. They would enjoy a much larger readership.

B. They would turn to popular novel writing.

C. They would continue non-fiction writing.

D. They would try controversial forms of art.

试题答案：A

5、

Adobe Photoshop，简称“PS”，是一个由Adobe Systems开发和发行的（  ）软件。

（单选题）

A. 动画处理

B. 图像处理

C. 视频处理

D. 声音处理

试题答案：B