2024高中教师专业知识真题模拟04-01

1、我国某旅行社在安排某项目旅游景点时写道：“接折（阅读奏折）——见面（请皇帝旨）——述旨（拟皇帝旨意）——过朱（皇帝过目确定）——交发（下发旨意）„„”，该景点最有可能是（）（单选题）

A. 秦丞相府

B. 唐尚书省

C. 元中书省

D. 清军机处

试题答案：A

2、

教学《劝学》，教师设计教学目标：①掌握重点文言实词，积累文言词汇；掌握比喻论证的方法；②培养借助工具书阅读文言文及初步分析的能力；③了解学习的意义、态度和方法，培养谦虚好学的风气。对该教学目标设计评价不正确的是(  )。

A. 体现了新课程标准要求的三维目标的整合统一

B. 教师对文言文教学的基础性要求理解不准确

C. 教学设计遵循了教材的特点和文言文教学规律

D. 整体设计考虑了学情，符合学生的认知水平

试题答案：B

3、下列针对基因突变的描述正确的是（）（单选题）

A. 基因突变是生物变异的根本来源

B. 基因突变的方向是由环境决定的

C. 亲代的突变基因一定能传递给子代

D. 基因突变只发生在生物个体发育的特定时期

试题答案：A

4、

Passage1

Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions and appearance, were determined by technologists, artisans, designers, inventors, and engineers-use nonscientific modes of thought. This kind of thinking way is different from science. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology, it has been non-verbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details of our material surroundings. Pyramids, cathedrals, and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics, but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built them.

The creative shaping process of a technologist's mind can be seen in nearly every artifact thatexists. For example, in designing a diesel engine,a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness.

What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should valves be placed? Should it have a long or short piston? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience, by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions such as wall thickness and pin diameter, may depend on scientific calculations, but the nonscientific component of design remains primary.

Design courses, then, should be an essential element in engineering curriculum. Nonverbal thinking of a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock-in-trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed to entail "hard thinking", nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive Process and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff of the Historic American Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of machines and isometric views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering, the only college  students with the requisite abilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools.

If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem-solving, are not provided, we can expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced engineering systems. For example, early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snow into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations: they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics.

What is the author's attitude towards Design courses？

A. Indifferent.

B. Disapproving.

C. Suspicious.

D. Supporting.

试题答案：D

5、在一阴湿草丛中，生活着蚂蚁、蜘蛛、蚯蚓等动物，这些生物共同构成一个（）。（单选题）

A. 生态系统

B. 生物群落

C. 种群

D. 食物网

试题答案：B